Optimal Size Of A Firm :: essays research papers

Optimal Size Of A FirmThe optimum size of a firm is a very(prenominal) subjective idea. The ways in whichsize can help or hinder a firm vary from which angle you a looking at thesituation from. Size can have its benefits and its drawbacks, and each firm willhave its own benefits and drawbacks that come from either increasing in size, orstay weakened, and these will depend on the market in which the firm is in,the current economy, and in some cases the preferences of the manager(s).For example a small firm may be small for many reasons. It may be smallbecause it has just started out in clientele, and still has relatively littlefunds, so although the owner/manager may have aspirations of the businessgrowing, at the present time, his main concern would be keeping the businessafloat. Another small business may stay small due to the preference of themanager/owner, for example a corner newsagents shop may remain a small retailbusiness as the owner is making a profit from the business that he findsacceptable, and does not want the hassle of either expanding his currentbusiness, setting up new shops, or fetching over another business.The size of a business does however depend a great deal on the marketwhich it is in. For example a business which makes specialist goods, or catersto only a very small number of people, will not be able to grow beyond thecapacity of that market. This content that the optimum size for a business in amarket with little harvest-festival and only a small number of prospective customers wouldbe large enough to serve as many customers as it had market share for, but smallenough to ensure that they dont over produce.If there is a fairly large market for the product/service that a companyis providing, then there is likely to be a large amount of challenger in themarket. This means that it would be fairly hard for the company to grow in thatmarket unless they did one of three things. Firstly they could come up with abetter and cheaper pro duct then the rest of their competitors, if theircustomers noticed this then the customers would choose their product over theircompetitors, leading to growth in the company (although internal growth can beone of the slowest, and sometimes one of the most costly methods of growth).Secondly the company could invest money into giving themselves a recognisable punctuate name, although this can be a costly procedure, and can take a great deal

Crime And The Black Market In Modern Day China :: essays research papers

Crime and the Black Market in Modern Day mainland chinaware     With a population of approximately 1,203,097,268 people , chinaware, who hasthe worlds largest population, also has the worlds fastest development blacknessmarket and crime problem. In China, crime rates have been climbing an estimated10 percent a year since the early 1980s . China is a country that is currentlyexperiencing both political and economic instability. Economic reforms thathave been put in place by the government have scarce widened the income gap,creating a middle class with money and a lower class of newly poor. With anever increasing size in this gap of income dispersal and the proportional ease ofmaking money through black market sales, it is no wonder more and more Chineseare turning to a spirit of commonly accepted and profitable crime.     Thomas Jefferson once said, "he who receives an idea from me, receivesinstruction himself without lessening mine as he who wilds his taper at mine,receives light without darkening me." Unfortunately, Thomas Jefferson lived ina different time. He lived in a time when piracy was not as evident andintellectual holding was not worth so much. In China, the largest crime whichis currently occurring is intellectual piracy. Unlike the pirates of old whoplundered the merchant vessels and ports of the South China Sea, modern daylightpirates are more interested in illegal replication of intellectual rights. Frommusic compact discs to computer software to films to best selling novels, TheChinese black market is a virtual warehouse of "plundered goods". It isestimated that there are at least thirty illegal high tech factories in Chinathat can churn out over 20,000 optical discs a day. Americas Microsoftestimates that 98 out of every 100 of its software programs being used in Chinaare illegal copies . Because of these statistics, and because this only amountsto a small amount of the estimated piracy which occurs in China, programmanufacturers, worldwide, are lobbying the Chinese government to impose stricterstandards and greater restrictions upon the distribution and sale of illegalintellectual rights. In July of 1996, investigators from Microsoft led Chineseofficials to a plant near Guilin in Guanxi Province, where they found 5700bootleg windows CDs. The plant had four payoff lines. Three of them wereoperated around the clock. It was estimated that this particular plant churnedout 20,000 illegal copies of Microsoft programs a day. A trade report toCongress from the Trade office cites China as the worst violator of UnitedStates - copyrighted intellectual property. The report, which came days after

orwells political message to the world Essay -- essays research papers

Many authors bring in the theme of politics into their work in order to shuffling their creations more appealing and as a form of expressing their personal views. George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-four is a novel that contains many political messages to the world. Orwell felt that spell of his role as a writer is to serve as a voice of conscience to our society by trying to express the truth as he saw it. The novel was written in a crucial time period in modern history after the Second land War and at the beginning of the Cold War. One can see that the book was influenced by current events of its time mixed with Orwells standpoint. He focuses on three study political issues that effect society, which atomic number 18 the dangers of war, class differences and dictatorship. Orwell was trying to show how certain political systems could affect our society by working for barely selected fews interests and suppressing individual freedom. 1984 was written in a realistic way of the worst case scenario in order to warn people of what may happen if certain dangerous political ideologies gain or re-gain power.One of the most important political issues Orwell addresses in 1984 is the idea that war is bad. He does so by showing how the living conditions described in Oceania are a cause of the war. When it was reported that Oceania was winning, the citizens believed they would get benefits from it, which they did not. Orwell was pointing out the disadvantages of war that the poor life course was blamed on of the war effort. By emphasizing that he was showing that standard of living goes down during war for all people. The three powers Eurasia, Eastasia, and Oceania, are in a constant state of war with one another, yet all are self-contained and require no trade with one another, and therefore are not using war for economic needs. Because they have no economic reason, it can be suggested that Orwell was criticizing another popular reason to go into war (especially in WW II), nationality, and believed it should not be a justifiable reason for war. Goldsteins book explained that the powers were in a constant state of war so the people provide be too preoccupied with the war effort to worry about whether or not the present political system is working. The government distracts the people by constantly reminding them that when they win the war, Oceania will rule the world, and life will be ... ...s its own people (they are merely "cheap labour")One of the major issues in Nineteen Eighty-four is the nature of freedom and the way that Totalitarianism has the capacity to destroy it. Winstons comment in his diary that "Freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two makes four" encapsulates Orwells belief that the individual must have the right to make up his own mind, regardless of official political party lines. The troupe is a totalitarian government When the propaganda, deprivation, and rigid guidelines fail to convert someone to f ellowship doctrine (INGSOC), the government uses torture to brainwash citizens. The fact that the Party must turn Winston into a walking zombie to finally crush his inner-revolt, reveals the Partys ultimate frailty. Since the principles of INGSOC fail to inspire thinking people like Winston, the Party has no choice but to use extreme force and coercion to stay in power. Orwell calls upon his readers to recognize the evil and frailty of the Party and fight to embarrass the spread of totalitarianism. While Orwell does not advocate for a specific alternative system, undercurrents of Socialism, Democracy, and Capitalism pervade.

Exporting Purell Hand Sanitize Essay -- essays research papers fc

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThis report analyzes the possibility of taking Purell crying(a) mass Sanitizer, a product of GOJO Industries, into the Indian market.Purell moldiness Gain Greater Market SharePurell Instant Hand Sanitizer is a portable hand washing solution that cleanses hands without the need for soap and water. In 1997, GOJO Industries entered Purell Instant Hand Sanitizer into retail sale, and the American public embraced the product. However, as large US Competitors have entered the hand sanitizer industry, which is now worth over $ cd jillion every year, Purell&8217s market share is diminishing. Although still the market leader in the industry, GOJO must fight for revenue opportunities. One way to do that is to bow out Purell into international markets.India Provides an OpportunityPossible BarriersGOJO must consider possible barriers to Purell&8217s entrance into Indian markets. These barriers includeRecommendationExtensive research provides evidence that merchandise Purel l Instant Hand Sanitizer in India would be mutually beneficial to GOJO Industries and the people of India.Report OverviewStatement of PurposeThe purpose of this report is to recommend marketing GOJO Industries&8217 product, Purell Instant Hand Sanitizer, in India. Penetrating the Indian market would be mutually beneficial for both GOJO and India.ProductPurell Instant Hand Sanitizer is a portable add-on to routine hand washing. Although 80 percent of disease is spread by contact with the hands, Purell kills 99.9 percent of most common germs. Therefore, Purell is and effective tool that promotes proper wellness and prevents the spread of disease.In 1997, GOJO Industries, a privately owned company, introduced its hand sanitizer for retail sale. Since then, the hand sanitizer industry has exploded in the US to and industry worth $400 million per year. Many public competitors such as Dial and Colgate have entered the market. These larger competitors maintain extensive advertising budget s, which are being used to extend their respective market shares in the hand sanitizer industry. Although GOJO&8217s Purell brand remains the market leader, its share of the market has fallen to 39.4 percent from its initial market control of 100 percent. (FT1) Therefore, to increase its sales revenues, GOJO needs to introduce Purell internationally.India... ...rs. Political pressure for protectionism remains, and moves to cut more sensitive tariffs have been halted.Some exports are subject to licensing, piece some items consumed domestically, such as tea, are subject to quota restrictions. Only a few items, such as tropical wood and beef, are banned for export.Bibliography&8220 community Background. Online. GOJO Industries, Inc. Available http//www.gojo.com/history.html. March 20, 1999.&8220FAQ. Online. GOJO Industries, Inc. Available http//www.purell.com/faq. March 20, 1999.Hardin, Angela Y. 1998. &8220GOJO Getting a Handle on its Purell Market. Crain&8217s Cleveland Business, June 22, 6.&8220Lexis-Nexis. Online. UNC-CH Electronic Indexes and Databases. Available http//library.unc.edu/htbin/build_ER_frame?http//web.lexis-nexis.com/universe. April 12, 1999.Nones, Rachelle. 1998. &8220It&8217s Germ Warfare for Hand Sanitizers. Supermarket News. May 4, 170.Nones, Rachelle. 1998. &8220Retailers Experiment with hand Sanitizers. Supermarket News. May 4, 170.&8220Purell. Online. GOJO Industries, Inc. Available http//www.purell.com/. March 20, 1999.

freedol Noras Freedom in Ibsens A Dolls House Essay -- Dolls House

Noras Freedom in A Dolls House Perhaps we have all told felt the urge to escape to some tropical paradise. However, as individuals we have responsibilities and obligations to school, friends and family. These responsibilities and obligations usually keep us from escaping. It is difficult to balance our personal need for independence with our responsibility to others. In Henrik Ibsens play, A Dolls House, the character of Nora Helmer had suffered greatly to achieve her personal freedom. A woman of the Victorian period, Nora Helmer was both a prisoner of her time as well as a pioneer. In her society women were viewed as a inferior to men and were not provided full legal rights. Women of that era were expected to wait at home and attend to the needs of their spouse and children. Nora was a free spirit just waiting to spread her wings her husband Torvald would constantly proscribe the slightest pleasures that she aspired to have, such as macaroons. (TEACHER COMMENT THIS STATEMENT WOULD HAVE A BETTER EFFECT IF IT WERE DIRECTLY QUOTED FROM THE PLAY.) Nora lived a life of lies in order to hold her spousal relationship together. She kept herself pleased with little things such as telling Dr. Rank and Mrs. Linde, I have such a huge desire to say-to hell and be damned (Ibsen 59) She did this just so she could release some tension that was probably building inside her due to all the restrictions that Torvald had set up, such as unyielding macaroons. The need for her to consume these macaroons behind her controlling husbands back was a way for her to satisfy her sense of needing to be an independent woman. Upon the arrival of her old friend Kristine Linde, Nora took it upon herself to image her friend a job... ...ority says, or whats written in books. I have to think over these things myself and try to understand them (Ibsen 111). In her leaving and the abandoning of her family and the memories that coincide with them, Nora was competent to gain her freed om as an individual and was now in search for new responsibilities. We all have wanted to go out on our make and fulfill our responsibility to ourselves. However our need to find our individuality can lead to our downfall, or our success. In Ibsens play, A Dolls House, an estranged wife, Nora Helmer suffered to become an individual in her own right and took accountability for her actions to achieve her freedom. Work Cited Ibsen, Henrik. A Dolls House. Introduction to Literature Reading, Analyzing, and Writing.2nd ed. Ed. Dorothy U. Seyler and Richard A. Wilan. Englewood Cliffs Prentice, 1990.

freedol Noras Freedom in Ibsens A Dolls House Essay -- Dolls House

Noras Freedom in A Dolls House Perhaps we have all felt the urge to escape to some tropical paradise. However, as individuals we have responsibilities and obligations to school, friends and family. These responsibilities and obligations usually keep us from escaping. It is difficult to balance our personal need for freedom with our responsibility to others. In Henrik Ibsens play, A Dolls House, the character of Nora Helmer had suffered greatly to arrive at her personal freedom. A woman of the Victorian period, Nora Helmer was both a prisoner of her time as well as a pioneer. In her society women were viewed as a inferior to men and were not provided full legal rights. Women of that era were expected to stay at home and attend to the needs of their spouse and children. Nora was a free spirit just waiting to spread her wings her husband Torvald would constantly disallow the slightest pleasures that she aspired to have, such as macaroons. (TEACHER COMMENT THIS STATEMENT WOULD HAVE A BETTER EFFECT IF IT WERE DIRECTLY QUOTED FROM THE PLAY.) Nora lived a life of lies in order to hold her marriage together. She kept herself pleased with little things such as cogent Dr. Rank and Mrs. Linde, I have such a huge desire to say-to hell and be damned (Ibsen 59) She did this just so she could release some tenseness that was probably building inside her due to all the restrictions that Torvald had set up, such as forbidding macaroons. The need for her to consume these macaroons behind her controlling husbands back was a way for her to satisfy her sense of needing to be an independent woman. Upon the arrival of her old friend Kristine Linde, Nora took it upon herself to find her friend a job... ...ority says, or whats written in books. I have to think over these things myself and try to understand them (Ibsen 111). In her leaving and the abandoning of her family and the memories that coincide with them, Nora was able to gain her freedom as an individual and was now in search for new responsibilities. We all have wanted to go out on our own and fulfill our responsibility to ourselves. However our need to find our individuation can lead to our downfall, or our success. In Ibsens play, A Dolls House, an estranged wife, Nora Helmer suffered to become an individual in her own right and took accountability for her actions to achieve her freedom. Work Cited Ibsen, Henrik. A Dolls House. Introduction to Literature Reading, Analyzing, and Writing.2nd ed. Ed. Dorothy U. Seyler and Richard A. Wilan. Englewood Cliffs Prentice, 1990.

Reflective Essay Founded Online, Not Mine Essay

The purpose of writing a resoundive essay is to present what you felt and what you reflect after an sleep with. Readers will discover how you associate with the subject on which you are writing. Your broody essay can provide your perspective and the lesson you learned from a inclined experience.A reflective essay must provide a personal perspective, inform of the purpose for creating, and indulge in personal thoughts as well as feelings. A reflective essay must present a purpose or a lesson to be learned from the story. You personalise the creation of a reflective essay by mentioning your role in the event or occurrence. A reflective essay will always provide for varying perceptions by study the different point of views and aspects (mentioning if a certain decision had gone in another direction) and how you evaluate the experience as a whole.You must feel that the experience or occurrence is worthy of developing a reflective essay on. You must remember each detail and every face t of the story for the geographic expedition of each description. You must mention the significance and the feelings that you have regarding the experience on which you write your reflective essay.

Alternative Education

Alternative Education is expected to meet the needs of those students who are not ensuing in conventional setting. Students are provided with several options that can go past to graduation. They are offered with support services that are essential to their success (Fantini, 2005). Alternative education has models, which are based on the programs philosophy and the desires of the students (Fantini, 2005). There are those that hound a community affiliation model that features alliance with the larger community.Some combine academics with a vocational intervention that focuses on making school more meaning(prenominal) at the same time preparing students for the workforce (Cantrell, 2001). The programs offered range from actual schools to programs within schools to single classrooms. By year 2000, it was estimated that over 15 percent of the students enrolled in existence education and in some countries, a student attended a public school that he wanted.Since 1500, there have been pr ivate schools, insular schools or home schooling alternatives for those, who could manage to pay for himself or herself or whose beliefs dictated an exacting loom to education. Current history Alternative schooling has become widely important especially in public schools. It originated in United States but it is gaining popularity in other nations (Greene, 2006). The developments that we see in these schools originated from an effort of parents and teachers.They were experimenting how they can discover crack ways of educating their sons and daughters and amalgamate educational ideas from some of the acknowledged educational leaders. It is important to note that practices developed in early schools of choice are contributing to local, state, and topic efforts to improve public education in all countries (Fantini, 2005). Alternative schooling that has succeeded for more than thirty years is not only considered to be effective in teaching all kinds of students but also highly attrac tive to parents and students (OBrien & Thesing, 2001).

Why Was Hitler Appointed Chancellor in January 1933

Why was Hitler appointed Chancellor in January 1933 On the 30th January 1933, genius of the most important events of the twentieth century occurred, Adolf Hitler, leader of the Nazi Party, became Chancellor of Germany. From its foundations as a sm all in all, anti-communist party in the aftermath of World contend I it was now the leading political party in Germany. Hitler would in the end become Fuhrer and provoke a second world war.Hitlers rise to power was based upon long term factors and can not be attributed to one event but a mixture of factors including events occurring outside Germany, the strengths of the Nazi party, the weakness of the other parties within Germany, resentment in the German community, the weakness of the Weimar system which he took advantage of through propaganda, the terror of his storm troopers and the fineness of his speeches. Hitler used these factors to his benefit and in 1933 he legitimately gained power to become chancellor.November 1923 was when Hitler first tried to snaffle power in the Munich Putsch he marched to Berlin with his followers to take over control but they never actually left Munich. During this time 16 Nazis were killed and 3 policemen. Although Hitler went to prison for this, he used this time to dictate his book Mein Kampf, he had show trials which boosted propaganda and became an almost celebrity. Hitler was meant to be in jail for 5 years, but was let out after 9 months. By now he was already starting to catch the attention of the public a ardent nationalist leader appealed to them.In 1929 the American Stock Exchange collapsed and caused an economic depression this was called the Wall Street Crash and led to America calling in all of its foreign loans, which in turn destroyed Weimar Germany. Unemployment then rose to 6 million in Germany. The government cut expenditures, wages and unemployment pay and they started to print to a greater extent money, by now Germany was in a really bad state and no one knew how they would plunk for themselves out of this rut. Many workers turned to communism which ineluctably frightened wealthy businessmen who fueled the fire by giving Hitler the money to run his propaganda election campaigns.Deep anger about the First World War and the Treaty of Versailles created an underlying bitterness to which Hitlers viciousness and expansionism appealed. Nazi propaganda persuaded the German masses to conceptualize that the Jews were to blame and that Hitler was their last hope. In fact, there were many people in Germany who wanted a return to dictatorship. Hitler was a brilliant speaker he was a good organiser and politician. He was a driven, unstable man, who believed that he had been called by God to become dictator of Germany and rule the world. This kept him going when other people might have given up.His self-belief persuaded people to believe in him. Propaganda alone was a really important factor in Hitlers rise to power, it brainwashed the German people into electing them through techniques of persuasion and reinforced breathing attitudes and beliefs. Parades, symbols, uniforms, banners, bands and the marching columns of the SA attracted attention and interest. Germans turned to Nazism because they were desperate, the number of Nazi seats in the Reichstag rose from 12 in 1928 to 230 in July 1932. In November 1932 elections the Nazis again failed to get a majority of seats in the Reichstag.Their share of the vote fell from 230 seats to only 196. Franz von Papen who was the current Chancellor could not get enough support in the Reichstag, therefore Hindenburg and von Papen were having to govern by emergency decree under Article 48 of the Constitution and offered Hitler the post of vice-Chancellor if he promised to support them. Hitler refused he demanded to be made Chancellor, so Von Papen and Hindenburg took a risk believing that by having only 2 other Nazis they would be able to keep control. Many people believe that Hit ler took control by force but, in actual fact, he was given it.

Descartes & Hume Essay

Rene Descartes was a rationalist, meaning he thought that reason alone, not sensation or perplex, was the source to attaining association about the eternal truths of the universe, such as mathematics, epistemology, metaphysics and the existence of God. He excluded physics from this list, admitting that intimacy of physics only comes through and through experience (Descartes). Regardless, his rationalistic epistemology made it so that Descartes could only accept the truth about something if it was based upon a principle that was clearly and distinctly certain. Innate, a priori sleep togetherledge is fundamental to Descartes philosophy.A priori refers to whatever slamledge that is attained without appealing to sensation (OConnor, Class Notes). Being a rationalist, he completely doubted every sensory experience he had ever had. Sensation is ever-changing and sometimes misleads or deceives us, so according to Descartes, trusting in an experience of sensation to provide us with any kind of universal truth would be foolish (Descartes). Whereas rationalism directly focuses on reason as being the only way to attain knowledge about the world, empiricism concentrates fully on all knowledge being a posteriori, or attained through experience and sensation.In an obvious way, David Humes empiricist epistemology directly contrasted Descartes rationalism, specifically by how he believed humans can attain knowledge. According to Hume, humans understand the world by experiencing different perceptions impressions/sensations and ideas/thoughts. The amount of upshot and vivacity of the perception allows humans to differentiate between the two. Impressions and sensations are more forceful and lively since they are a product of direct experience. Ideas and thoughts are simply fragile recreations of the original impressions that were perceived.While Descartes believes that certain ideas are innate, such as the existence of God, Hume absolutely denies the possibility of innate ideas. He claims that humans could never fully know or comprehend anything beyond our impressions. If an impression is not perceived, then it cannot be acknowledged. Since our knowledge is limited to the impressions we perceive, we have no real way of comprehending causality, instead it is often confused with correlation. Cause and effect events tend to occur in close temporal order, but that does not mean we can know whether those events are as such related or not.Instead, we can only place our faith in the customs and habits of human life. Oppositely, Descartes believed we gain knowledge a priori, and we can only know that which we have clear and distinct justification for. In order to justify what we know, we cannot appeal to anything except for reason. Lastly, we must judge those justified ideas by applying Descartes specific and reproducible method of reflection. Thusly, by accepting Descartes method, the universal and eternal truths of the world can be known.